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ev charging explained

With the popularity of electric vehicles, charging has become an important part of the daily use of cars by car owners. Whether you are a novice who has just picked up the car or a potential user who plans to buy an electric car, mastering the correct charging method can not only extend the battery life, but also improve the ev experience. This article will provide you with a complete guide to electric vehicles from charging preparation to safe operation.

1. Preparation before charging: Do these three steps

1.1. Check the vehicle and equipment

1.1.1. Confirm that there are no foreign objects in the vehicle charging port and the insulation layer of the charging cable is not damaged.

1.1.2. Use charging equipment from the original factory or certified brand to avoid compatibility issues.

1.1.3. Check the vehicle power: When it is less than 20%, it is recommended to replenish energy in time to avoid deep discharge.

1.2. Understand the type of charging interface

1.2.1. GB/T interface (most Chinese models): supports AC slow charging and DC fast charging.

1.2.2. Tesla/some European and American models: a special adapter is required to convert the national standard interface.

1.2.3. CHAdeMO/CCS: a fast charging standard used by some Japanese models, European and American models or operating vehicles.

1.3. Plan charging time

1.3.1. It is recommended to charge at home during the low-price period at night (usually 22:00-8:00 the next day) to reduce electricity costs.

1.3.2. Before long-distance travel, use the navigation APP to check the distribution of chargers along the way and the real-time occupancy rate in advance.

2. Detailed explanation of charging methods: scenario-based selection is more worry-free

2.1. Home charging (AC slow charging)

2.1.1. Applicable scenarios: daily commuting and charging at night.

2.1.2. Operation guide:

Connect the home charger that comes with the car (common power of 7kW), swipe the card/APP to start charging.

Automatically cut off the power when fully charged, no special person is required.

2.1.3. Advantages: low cost (about 0.3 yuan/kWh), battery-friendly.

2.1.4. Note: Avoid sharing the circuit with other high-power electrical appliances.

2.2. Public fast charging station (DC fast charging)

2.2.1. Applicable scenarios: long-distance self-driving, emergency charging.

2.2.2. Operation steps:

After parking, turn off the vehicle power and open the charging port cover.

Scan the charger QR code and select the charging method (by power/amount/automatic full charge).

Confirm that the charging gun matches the vehicle interface and insert it. A "click" sound indicates that the lock is successful.

During charging, you can view the real-time power and remaining time on the APP.

2.2.3. Tips:

The speed will drop significantly after fast charging to 80%. It is recommended to plan the charging time in advance.

After continuous fast charging, it is recommended to slow charge at least once to calibrate the battery power display.

2.3. Destination charger

2.3.1. Applicable scenarios: shopping malls, hotels, scenic spots and other long-term parking places.

2.3.2. Features: Most of them are AC slow charging, and some provide free parking services.

2.3.3. Recommendation: Connect to charge immediately after arriving at the destination and use the parking time to recharge.

2.4. Emergency charging plan

2.4.1. On-board charger: portable charging gun (power 1.5-3.5kW), household 16A air conditioning socket is required.

2.4.2. Mobile charging car: Some cities provide door-to-door charging service, which is suitable for situations where the vehicle cannot be moved.

2.4.3. Towing rescue: Contact the manufacturer or third-party rescue when the battery is completely out of power.

3. Safety charging rules: eliminate hidden dangers

3.1. Environmental safety

Avoid charging in the open air on rainy days (especially old piles), and suspend charging in thunderstorms.

After the charging gun is inserted, ensure that it is stable to prevent children from touching or external force pulling.

3.2. Operation specifications

Do not charge with "flying wires" (from high-rise buildings to the ground), which can easily cause short circuits or electric shocks.

During charging, it is forbidden to use high-power consumption equipment such as air conditioners and heated seats for a long time in the car.

3.3. Equipment maintenance

Regularly check the charging cable and the appearance of the pile, and stop using it immediately if it is damaged.

When the car is not used for a long time, keep the power at 50%-80% and start the charging program regularly.

4. FAQ

Q: What should I do if charging is suddenly interrupted?

First check whether the preset charging amount or amount has been reached, restart the vehicle and charger to try to recover. If it fails multiple times, contact customer service to report the problem.

Q: Is the charging speed slower than usual?

Possible reasons: battery temperature is too low (common in winter), charger power limit, battery management system (BMS) actively slows down to protect the battery.

Q: The charger shows "vehicle incompatible"?

Confirm that the vehicle and the pile interface type match. Some old chargers may not support new models. Try to replace other brands of chargers.

Conclusion

Charging electric vehicles is not difficult. Mastering scientific methods can make travel more relaxed. It is recommended that novice car owners charge under the guidance of professionals for the first few times, and they can easily deal with it after being familiar with the process. In case of complex problems, contact the vehicle manufacturer or charger operator in time. Safety is always the first priority.